你有没有过这种体验:别人问"你现在感觉怎么样",你脑子里一片空白,好像身体里没有信号传回来?这不是矫情,也不是冷漠,这是一种叫做 述情障碍(alexithymia) 的状态——字面意思,"没有词来描述感受"。
"Many traumatized people find it almost impossible to put their feelings into words. When they try to do so, they tend to shut down — to go blank or to describe only the physical sensations they're aware of."
许多经历过创伤的人几乎无法用语言表达感受。一旦尝试,他们往往会"断线"——大脑一片空白,或者只能说出身体层面的感知。
Bessel van der Kolk 发现,这些人的大脑扫描结果里,负责感知内脏和身体信号的"岛叶皮层"(insula)活跃度显著降低。感受不到情绪,不是因为没有情绪,而是大脑在长期高压下学会了"关掉接收器"——这是一种保护机制,代价是失去了自我感知。
"In order to change, people need to become aware of their sensations and the way that their bodies interact with the world around them. Physical self-awareness is the first step in releasing the tyranny of the past."
改变的起点,是重新感知自己的身体。听起来很简单,但对很多人来说,这是最难的一步——因为那个"接收器"已经关了太久。
治疗不是让你"想开一点",而是一点一点地把信号通路重新打开:瑜伽、呼吸、正念——这些看起来很"玄"的东西,其实是在重建岛叶和前额叶之间的对话。你感受到自己,才能谈得上改变自己。