创伤不只是一件坏事发生了。它更隐秘的后果是：它改变了你对自己的认知——你开始相信，那就是你，那是你应得的，或者那就是世界的本来面目。
"Traumatized people chronically feel unsafe inside their bodies: The past is alive in the form of gnawing interior discomfort. Their bodies are constantly bombarded by visceral warning signs, and, in an attempt to control these processes, they often become expert at ignoring their gut feelings and numbing awareness of what is played out inside." — The Body Keeps the Score, Ch. 6
van der Kolk 用了一个词：自我疏离（depersonalization）。不是精神病意义上的，而是一种日常状态——你在旁观自己的生活，而不是活在里面。很多人误以为这叫"理性"，其实是身体学会的自我保护变成了习惯。
"As long as you keep secrets and suppress information, you are fundamentally at war with yourself." — The Body Keeps the Score, Ch. 14